A brief presentation on Anti-septics, Detailing history, Classification, Indications, Side effects,uses and an Ayurvedic introduction to this topic.It gives detailed description of Hydrogen peroxide, Chloroxylenol, Ethanol, Cetrimide etc. And Details Neem, Brahmi and Triphala as Ayurvedic anti-septics.

2. ANTISEPTICS

3. .Antiseptics are the agents kill or inhibt the growth of
microorganisms on the external surfaces of the body.
.They are different from an antibiotic which destroy
microorganisms internally and disinfectants which
destroy microorganisms found on non living objects.
.Some common antiseptics include alcohol, iodine and
hydrogen peroxide.

4.  There is great variation in the ability of
antiseptics to destroy microorganisms and in
their effects on living tissues.
 For example, mercuric chloride is a powerful
antiseptic, but it irritates delicate tissue. In
contrast silver nitrate kills fewer germs but can
be used on the delicate tissues of the eyes and
throat.
 There is also a great difference in the time
required for different antiseptics to work. Iodine,
one of the fastest-working antiseptics, kills
bacteria within 30 sec.

7. CLASSIFICATIONS OF
ANTISEPTICS
1. Those that denature proteins,
2. Those that cause osmotic disruption of the cell,
3. Those that interfere with specific metabolic
processes.
 The first and second classifications are tend to kill the organisms.
 The third one affects cell growth and reproduction without killing
the cell.

9. Characteristics of an ideal antiseptics
• Chemically stable
• Cheap
• Non staining
• Cidal / destroying spores as well.
• Active against all pathogens
• Require brief time of exposure
• Active even in presence of blood, pus, exudates
and excreta.

10. An antiseptics in addition
• Rapid in action & exert sustained protection.
• Nonirritating to tissues.
• Nonabsorbale , produce min. toxicity if
absorbed.
• Nonsensitizing

11. • Liberates nascent oxygen which oxidizes
necrotic matter & bacteria.
• Helps in loosening & removing slough, ear
wax
HYDROGEN PEROXIDE

12. • Rapidly acting , broad-spectrum agent.
• Acts by iodinating and oxidizing microbial
protoplasm
• Use for cuts, degerming skin before surgery.
• High conc. cause burns.
IODINE

13. ETHANOL:
• Antiseptic ,cleansing agent at 40-90% conc.
• Acts by precipitating bacterial proteins.
• Irritant, should not be applied on mucous
membrane, ulcers, open wounds.
ALCOHOL

14. CETRIMIDE:
• Detergent action
• Act by altering permeability of cell membrane.
• Widely use as antiseptics & disinfectant for surgical
instruments.
QUATERNARY AMMONIUM ANTICEPTICS

15. CHLORHEXIDINE
• Acts by disrupting bacterial cell membrane & causes
denaturation of bacterial proteins.
• Nonirritant , more active against gram +ve bacteria
• Used in surgical scrub, neonatal bath, mouth wash &
general skin antiseptics.
BIGUANIDES

16. • Phenol derivative
• Does not coagulate proteins
• Noncorrosive, nonirritating to skin
• Commercial 4.8% solution used for surgical
antiseptics
• Skin cream and soap 0.8%
• Mouth wash 1%
CHLOROXYLENOL( Dettol)

17. USESAntiseptic drugs are used in:
 The treatment of skin infections
 Prevention of infections in cuts and wounds
 Cleaning the skin area of surgery from
microorganisms
 Proflaxy and treatment of infections in mucosal
areas such as mouth, nose and vagina that are
open to environment
 As a scrub for surgeans and the medical
personnel

21. SIDE EFFECTS OF ANTISEPTICS
 Itching
 Primarily using in vitro models , to be
cytotoxic to cells essential for wound healing
process, such as fibroblast, keratinocytes, and
leukocytes.
 Skin irritation
 Severe allergic reactions.

22. THIPHALA ASANANTISEPTIC

23.  Triphala made up of three high quality drugs:
Amla(indian gooseberry), Harad(terminalia
chebula), and baheda( terminalia bellerica)
 Triphalachurna was found most potent against
all the organism.
 The cold and hot extract of triphala churna has
good antibacterial effect.
 The cold extraction was proportionally effective
against each organism in comparision to hot
extract.

24. •It works as antiseptic, antibiotic and rasayana.
•Triphala removes dullness of the intellent and
senses(especially eyes)
•Washing wounds with a decoction of triphala prevents
the need of using allopathic antiseptics lotions.The
wound heals quikly.
•Ethanolic extract ofTriphala prepared using cold extract
method demonstrated antiseptic property aganist
Lactobacilli and Candida albicans.

25. •It is used in periodontal therapy to control bleeding and
reduce inflammation.
•The incorporation ofTriphala in mouth rinse could prove
to be effective in reducing streptococcus mutans count in
the oral cavity.
•This wide range of action ofTripala is supposed to be
because of the 47 tannis and 35 phytochemicals which
have been isolated from it.
•Triphala mouth rinse in conjunction with scaling and root
planing showed statistically significant reduction in the
plaque index, gingival index and oral hygine index.

26. OtherAntiseptics inAyurveda…
 HARIDRA : It has anti-inflammatory ,
antiseptic, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral
properties. It is used in eye disorders, colon
cancer, coughs, conjuntivitis, diabetis, parasities.

27. AMALAKI: It has antioxidant, diuretic, antiviral,
antiseptic
antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, and antianemic properties.
for centuries people use amla to treat a wide range
illness like hyperacidity, ulcers, colitis, high colestrol.
It can prevent cancer and protect the liver, heart, kidney.

28. BRAMI: It is highly effective aganist diseases like bronch
asthma, epilepsy, insomia, hoarseness, arthritis, backache
constipation, and all kinds of skin problems like eczema,
psoriasis, ulcerations.

29. NEEM: It has antiseptic, antiulcer, antiemetic,antipyretic,
antiparasatic properties.This herb is used to treat diabetis
jauntice, eye disease, paraplegia, piles.

30. THULASI: It has demulcent,expectorant, antimicrobial
antiparasatic, antiseptic. Ayurvedic prationers use holy
basil to treat a myriad of ailments like arthritis,pain,
backpain, influenza, tuberculosis, asthma,malaria.